Wound package and method of making the same



May 13, 1941. F. J. KENT ETAL 2,242,001

WOUND PACKAGE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Oct. 26, 1939 1 I I 7/l/ 3 1 I i INVENTOR SJ: Frederic/n7. mi W '7 BY 7&07'21; h JeefiATTORNEY- Patented May 13, 1941 2,z42",oo1. I

WOUND PACKAGE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Frederick .1. Kent, GlenRock, N. 1., and George H. Seelig, Lansdale, Pa: said Kent alsignor, bymesne assignments, to said George H. Seelig Application October :6,1939, Serial No. 301,414

80hlms.

This'invention relates to the forming of yarn packages and particularlythose of the kind in-' tended for over-end delivery and used, forinstance, in knitting machines, The principal object is to produce apackage containing the maximum length of yarn and from which, while theyarn delivery will be progressive and perfectly free, the yarn will notbe susceptible of being pulled 03 at the point end of the packageinitially or at any stage in which it exists more adjoins the cone ofthe body portion, viewinE the mass in profile.

Since each layer wraps all the pro-existing layers with respect to themajor portion of the length of each, sloughing-oif of the windingstoward the point of the package in some segment appreciable in mass, asin handling the package, is prevented; only what is possible in or lessdepleted in mass-segments containing considerable lengths of yarn withconsequent appreciable waste.

The improved package, given a core on which the windings are formed andwhich itself preferably has a quite sharp taper toward the point end ofthe package, embodies the following characteristics all essential to theaccomplishment of the objects above stated: (1) Traverse during windingbeing resorted to, the disposition of the helices or layers of yarn issuch that each of substantially all the layers, with respect to themajor part of its length, wraps every other pro-existing layer for themajor part of the length thereof. (2) The traverse being of the knownkind in which the throw toward the point end of the package graduallyincreases'in speed and that toward the butt gradually decreases in speed(otherwise stated, so that in the completed package the winding pitchincreases toward the point), the wound mass develops with what is hereintermed its body portion having a desirable.

taper toward the point end and which preferably is but somewhat lesssharp than that of the core. In order to build the butt and the pointportion of the mass each with a certain taper, from time to time (as onthe start of each point-directed traverse-throw) such start begins witha gain on the preceding layer. in the direction toward the point. (3)But it is important that the taper of the point portion of the massshould be appreciably more acute than that of the butt (which would notbe the case if, the layers being all of the same length, each extendedbeyond the pre-' ceding layer toward the point only as much as itsgain). wherefore whatever the said gain may be each layer subject tosuch gain is given an added increment of length so that it reachesbeyond the preceding layer for an extent more than such gain;incidentally, in practice, this results not only in the point portionhaving a sharper taper than the butt but in some desirable rounding ofthe angle that would otherwise exist at the plane where the base of thecone of the point portion handling is' detachment of a few of the thussubstantially completely wrapping layers at a time, wherefore by theimproved package there is obviously a great saving of yarn which becomeswasted by handling in the case of the ordinary package. The taper of thebody portion facilitates, of course, the drawing oil of the yarn by themachine which the package serves, but being slight it offers a certaindegree of resistance to, displacement of the outer convolutions of thelayers toward the point of the package, as in handling. The pointportion of the wound mass, by having less acuteness than the bodyportion afiords freedom to the yarn as, in being pulled ofl by themachine, it plays around the axis of the package, the mentioned roundingaugmenting this eifect.

As for the obtuse butt: Preferably the winding is so performed that fromtime to time, as following the laying on of a number of layers, what weherein term a loss" is effected. That is to say, instead of the layernext to be started toward the point being started at a point forward ofthe starting point of the next-preceding layer it is started at a pointset backward of the starting point of such next-preceding layer. Thismay be continued with respect to a number of layers and it may result inthe initial convolution of any layer, more orless thereof, winding onthe butt-cone at a less diameter than the other convolutions of thatlayer, wherefore there is a binding by that convolution of the endconvolutions of some of the preceding layers; and thus the butt is maderesistant to its convolutions sloughing off.

Another object of the invention is thus indicated:

It is known that in winding with a traverse there develop bandings ofthe convolutions of 2 plained, the traverse-throw toward the pointincreases and that toward the butt decreases in speed, during one stageof the winding each such traverse-throw will attain its limit morequickly than any traverse-throw occurring during a preceding stage.Otherwise stated, whereas one series of layers will be wound with thepitch thereof, considered, say, in the direction toward the point of thepackage, increasing at a given rate, the succeeding series will be woundwith the pitch thereof, similarly considered, increasing at a diflferentrate. Thereby there will be av desirable scattering of the convolutionsand hence a material elimination of the bandings.

In the drawing- Fig. 1 shows the improved package in vation, partly insection;

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing that, for example,

side eleeach layer has an added increment of length greater than itsgain;

Fig. 3 shows the core in fragmentary longitudinal section, anddiagrammatically, the loss occasionally effected at the butt end of themass, the whole being enlarged; and

Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrams showing layers whose helical pitches increaseat different rates toward the point of the package.

The core is designated i. The winding of the yarn 2 forming the yarnmass thereon, as a whole designated 3, is performed after the manner,generally, shown for instance in the patent to Altemus, No. 1,214,741,and see either Fig. 4 or Fig. 5

I of the drawing herewith, that is to say:

Traverse being resorted to while the yarn 2 undergoes wrapping aroundthe core, the traverse-throw toward the package point (the righthand em;in Figs. 1, 4 and 5) gradually increases and that toward the buttgradually reduces in speed, whereby, as disclosed in said patent, thewinding pitch of any helix or layer formed will gradually increasetoward the package point with the resulting tendency to develop the masswith an exterior taper which is directed toward such point; and fromtime to time, as after each butt-directed traverse-throw, the start of alayer toward the point being somewhat-nearer to the point than the nextpreceding layer, or with what is known as a gain" (such as is shown byFig. 2 where 4 designates successive layers, and

the substantially uniformly spaced lines a designate their pomts ofstarting toward the package point), the butt 3a is formed tapering, butpreferably rather obtuse.

Further, the length of each layer is so much greater than the length ofthe truncated cone formed by the butt that the major portion of thelength of any one layer wraps the major portion of the length of anypreceding layer. Between the lines :r::: in Fig. 1 is what we term thebody portion of the wound mass; in this example the core has a slighttaper, but in any event the development of the wound mass is such that;viewed in longitudinal section, there results convergence of its innerand outer surfaces, and hence a taper, toward the point of the package.

But according to the inventiomas already explained, the exterior taperof the point portion (i. e., between the lines :c--a: in Fig. 1) shouldbe appreciably more acute than that of the butt. Therefore, as shown atthe right in Fig. 2, whatever gain any layer has it has an addedincrement of length over such gain, or here as much again as such gainas shown by the lines-b in said figure, which are twice aswidely spacedas the lines a. The result is. that the said point portion of the masswill have the desirably sharper taper than the butt; and in actualpractice this develops with an exterior rounding at a planeperpendicular to the axis of the package and which coincides with theright-hand point a: in Fig. 1, being the plane where the taper of thebody portion and that of the point portion would otherwise merge in anangle, viewing the package in profile.

Imagining the package to be divided into any layer sets. say thosebetween the lines I in Fig. 1,

the construction is such that each such layer set, and hence each of itsconstituent layers, wraps the preceding one from the butt to the pointof the package, their form approaching closer to that of a cylinder thanto that of a cone lacking appreciable acuteness. Therefore no portion ofthe wound mass is susceptible of axial displacement independently as asegment of appreciable mass, with consequent destruction of the packageand considerable waste of yarn.

To, prevent sloughing-ofl of coils existing at the butt of the package,the development of the wound mass 3 may be efl'ected with occasionalloss already mentioned as resulting from occasionally stepping back thepc'nts 01' starting the traverse-throws toward the package point. Thus,in Fig. 3, after the winding has proceeded for a while, with gains'asalready described and shown by Fig. 2 and indicated in Fig. 3 asprogressing in coincidence with "line 6. the starting points of thepoint-directed traverse-throws are stepped successively buttwise orback, such stepping-back progressing, however, only to such extent, asindicated by line I, as will conduce to the butt having the mentionedgeneral taper; that is to say, so that the butt-adjacent end of anystratum or group of layers (existing between any two lines 8) shall beshort of the corresponding end of the preceding stratum, or have a gainwith respect thereto. Having thus efiected one general gain 8 and ageneral loss to line I, these may be repeated in alternation until thewinding is completed. The tendency, at least, is to develop the buttwith concentric corrugations, but in fact some if not many of thebutt-adjacent,convolutions, due to the taper of the butt, undergo changefrom what would otherwise be the diameters of the other convolutions intheir respective layers to smaller diameter, wherefore they bindbutt-adjacent convolutions of preceding, layers more or less and so thestability of the butt is increased. The aggregate gain, as indicated byline 1, is greater than the aggregate of the peri- ,odic losses.

In Figs. 4 and 5 yarn helices or layers of the Y yarn 2 are shown havingtheir pitches increasing 7 the number of traverse strokes to the numberof turns per given time-period, as by changing the number of either pertime-period while preserving the number of the other unchanged. By aturn we mean one complete wrap of the yarn about the core, or in theexamplethe efiect of revolving the core one complete revolution whileyarn is fed thereto.

- we claim is: 1. The hereindescrlbed yarn package including Having thusfully described our invention, what a core and a yarn 'mass consistingof yarn tra- --verse-wound .in-iayers on the core, twolayers of suchmassh'avi'ng' windingpitches which -gradually increase in the same axialdirection but one having a winding pitch which increases in saiddirection at a different rate from that at which the winding pitch ofthe other layer increases, and the relatively outer layer being thelonger.

2. The hereindescribed yarn package including a core and a yarn massconsisting of yarn traverse-Wound in layers on the core, layers of suchmass all having winding pitche which gradually increase in the sameaxial direction but alternate ones of such layers having a Winding pitchwhich increases in said direction at a different rate from that in whichthe winding pitch of the other such layers increases, and such'layersincreasing in length from the core outward.

3. A yarn package including a core and a yarn mass including yarnhelically wound on the core in layers having their winding-pitchincreasing toward the point of the package and each of substantially allof the layers having the major portion of its length wrapping the majorportion of the length of every preceding layer, each of substantiallyall of the layers having a gain and also an added increment of lengthgreater than its said gain.

4. A yarn package including a core and a yarn mass including yarnhelically wound on the core in layers each having their winding-pitchincreasing toward the point of the package and each of substantially allthe layers having the major portion of its length wrapping the majorportion of the length of every preceding layer, each of substantiallyall the layers being also extended toward said point further than thenext preceding layer, the body portion of the mass being exteriorlytapered toward the point of the package.

5. The method of forming a wound yarn mass which consists in windingyarn around a core in layers while eflecting traverse as between thecore and the yarn, one of them relatively to the other axially of thecore, at a traverse speed which increases in one direction and decreasesin the other traverse direction, and during the winding startingsuccessive traverse-throws in the first-named direction each with a gainand ending each such traverse-throw beyond the preceding traverse-throwa distance greater than its own gain.

6. The method of forming a'wound mass which consists in winding yarn ona. core in layers While efiecting traverse as between the core and theyarn, one of them relatively to the other axially of the core, andduring the winding of a stratum of the layers .starting successivetraverse-throws in one traverse direction each with a gain and duringthe winding of the next succeeding stratum of the layers startingsuccessive traverse-throws in said direction each with a loss and sothat the second-named stratum shall exist with a gain relatively to thefirst stratum.

7. The method of forming a wound package which consists in winding yarnon a core in layers while effecting traverse as between the core and theyarn, one of them relatively to the other axially of the core, and inalternate periods during the winding starting successive traversethrowsin one traverse direction each with a gain and in the remaining periodsstarting successive traverse-throws in said direction each with a losswhile preserving the aggregate gain greater than the aggregate of theperiodic losses.

8. The method of forming a wound package which consists in wrapping yarnaround the core while efiecting traverse as between the core and theyarn, one of them relatively to the other axially of the core at atraverse speed which increases in one.traverse direction and decreasesin the other, and meanwhile, while occasionally changing the ratio ofthe number of traverse strokes to the number of turns of the yarn pergiven time-period, increasing the traverse-stroke length.

FREDERICK J. KENT. GEORGE H. SEELIG.

